涓撳埄鏉冩斁寮冩湡闄愭槸澶氫箙锛�

    涓撳埄鏉冩斁寮冩湡闄愭槸澶氫箙?涓嶅瓨鍦ㄤ笓鍒╂斁寮冩湡闄愶紝鍙戞槑涓撳埄鏉冪殑鏈熼檺涓轰簩鍗佸勾锛屽疄鐢ㄦ柊鍨嬩笓鍒╂潈鍜屽�栬�傝�捐�′笓鍒╂潈鐨勬湡闄愪负鍗佸勾锛屽潎鑷�鐢宠�锋棩璧疯�＄畻銆傛硶寰嬪�逛笓鍒╂潈鏈熼檺鐨勮�勫畾锛屾棦瑕佽�冭檻鍏呭垎閫傚綋鍦颁繚鎶や笓鍒╂潈浜虹殑鍒╃泭锛岃�勫畾鐨勪繚鎶ゆ湡闄愪笉鑳藉お鐭�锛屽惁鍒欎笉鍒╀簬璋冨姩鍙戞槑鍒涢�犵殑绉�鏋佹��;鍚屾椂鍙堣�佽�冭檻鍥藉�跺拰绀句細鍏�浼楃殑鍒╃泭锛屽�逛笓鍒╂潈鐨勪繚鎶ゅ懆鏈熶笉鑳借繃闀匡紝鍚﹀垯涓嶅埄浜庡厛杩涙妧鏈�鐨勬帹骞垮拰搴旂敤銆�1992骞寸��涓�娆′慨鏀广�婁笓鍒╂硶銆嬫椂锛屽皢鍙戞槑涓撳埄鏉冪殑鏈熼檺寤堕暱涓�20骞达紝灏嗗疄鐢ㄦ柊鍨嬪拰澶栬�傝�捐�′笓鍒╂潈鐨勬湡闄愬欢闀夸负15骞达紝杩欎笌TRIPS鍗忚��鐨勮�勫畾鏄�涓�鑷寸殑锛屼笌涓栫晫鍚勫浗鍏充簬涓撳埄鏉冩湡闄愮殑娉曞緥瑙勫畾鐩告瘮涔熸槸杈冮暱鐨勶紝鍏呭垎浣撶幇浜嗘垜鍥藉�圭煡璇嗕骇鏉冧繚鎶ょ殑閲嶈�嗐�傚綋鐒讹紝瀵逛笓鍒╂潈浜烘潵璁诧紝鍦ㄦ硶瀹氱殑涓撳埄淇濇姢鏈熼檺鍐咃紝涓撳埄鏉冧汉鍙�浠ユ牴鎹�鏈�涓撲笟鎶�鏈�鍙戝睍鐨勫懆鏈熷強涓撳埄鎶�鏈�鐨勫疄鏂芥儏鍐碉紝閫氳繃涓嶇即绾冲勾璐规垨鑰呭０鏄庢斁寮冧笓鍒╂潈鐨勫姙娉曪紝鑷�琛屽喅瀹氬叾瀹為檯鍙椾繚鎶ゆ湡鐨勯暱鐭�銆備簩銆佷笓鍒╂潈鍦ㄦ湡闄愬眾婊″墠缁堟�㈢殑涓ょ�嶆儏褰�锛�1.涓撳埄鏉冧汉娌℃湁鎸夌収瑙勫畾缂寸撼骞磋垂鐨勪緷鐓ф湰娉曡�勫畾锛屼笓鍒╂潈浜哄簲褰撴寜鏈熺即绾冲勾璐广�傝繖鏄�涓撳埄鏉冧汉鐨勪竴椤逛箟鍔★紝鏄�缁存寔鍏朵笓鍒╂潈鏁堝姏鐨勫繀瑕佹潯浠躲�備笓鍒╂潈浜鸿�佹兂鍦ㄤ繚鎶ゆ湡闄愬眾婊″墠淇濇寔鍏朵笓鍒╂潈鐨勬晥鍔涳紝灏卞繀椤绘寜鏈熺即绾冲勾璐广�傚惁鍒欙紝鎸夌収鏉冨埄鍜屼箟鍔″�圭瓑鐨勫師鍒欙紝涓嶅饱琛屾寜鏈熺即绾冲勾璐圭殑涔夊姟锛屽氨涓嶈兘缁х画淇濇寔鍏朵韩鍙椾笓鍒╀繚鎶ょ殑鏉冨埄銆傝�冭檻鍒颁笓鍒╂潈浜烘病鏈夋寜鏈熼檺缂寸撼骞磋垂鏈夊彲鑳芥槸鐢变簬鍏跺け璇�鎴栬�呮煇浜涚壒娈婂師鍥犻�犳垚鐨勶紝涓烘厧閲嶅�瑰緟涓撳埄鏉冧汉鐨勬潈鍒╋紝涓撳埄娉曞疄鏂界粏鍒欒�勫畾浜嗕竴涓�琛ユ晳鍔炴硶锛屽嵆涓撳埄鏉冧汉娌℃湁鎸夌収瑙勫畾缂寸撼骞磋垂(涓嶅寘鎷�鎺堜簣涓撳埄鏉冨綋骞寸殑骞磋垂)鎴栬�呯即绾崇殑鏁伴�濅笉瓒崇殑锛屼笓鍒╄�屾斂閮ㄩ棬搴斿綋閫氱煡涓撳埄鏉冧汉鑷�骞磋垂鏈熸弧涔嬫棩璧峰叚涓�鏈堝唴琛ョ即锛屽悓鏃惰繕搴旂即绾抽噾棰濅负璇ュ勾搴﹀勾璐规暟棰�25%鐨勬粸绾抽噾;鏈熸弧浠嶆湭缂寸撼鐨勶紝鍏朵笓鍒╂潈缁堟��锛岀敱涓撳埄琛屾斂閮ㄩ棬鐧昏�板拰鍏�鍛娿��2.涓撳埄鏉冧汉浠ヤ功闈㈠０鏄庢斁寮冨叾涓撳埄鏉冪殑涓撳埄鏉冩槸涓�椤规皯浜嬫潈鍒╋紝涓撳埄鏉冧汉鏈夋潈渚濇硶鍙栧緱杩欓」姘戜簨鏉冨埄锛屼篃鏈夋潈澶勫垎鍖呮嫭鏀惧純杩欓」姘戜簨鏉冨埄銆備竴鑸�鎯呭喌涓嬶紝涓撳埄鏉冧汉鏄�瑕佸敖鍔涚淮鎶や笓鍒╂潈鐨勶紝浣嗗湪鏈変簺鎯呭喌涓嬶紝姣斿�傦紝鐢变簬绉戝�︽妧鏈�鐨勮繘姝ワ紝杩呴�熸洿鏂版崲浠ｏ紝鍏舵嫢鏈夌殑涓撳埄宸茬粡澶卞幓瀛樺湪鐨勫疄闄呬环鍊硷紝鎴栬�呬笓鍒╁疄鏂界殑鏁堢泭涓庨�愬勾澧炲姞鐨勫勾璐圭浉姣旓紝涓撳埄鏉冧汉璁や负鍦ㄧ粡娴庝笂涓嶅悎绠楃瓑锛屼笓鍒╂潈浜轰篃浼氳嚜鍔ㄨ�佹眰鏀惧純鍏朵笓鍒╂潈銆備竴鏃︿笓鍒╂潈浜哄湪涓撳埄鏈熼檺灞婃弧鍓嶄互涔﹂潰澹版槑鏀惧純鍏朵笓鍒╂潈鐨勶紝璇ヤ笓鍒╂潈缁堟��锛岀敱鍥藉姟闄�涓撳埄琛屾斂閮ㄩ棬鐧昏�板拰鍏�鍛娿�備絾浠庨亾鐞嗕笂璇达紝濡傛灉涓撳埄鏉冧汉宸茬粡鍚屼粬浜鸿�㈢珛浜嗕笓鍒╁疄鏂借�稿彲鍚堝悓锛岃�稿彲浠栦汉瀹炴柦鍏朵笓鍒╋紝鍦ㄥ悎鍚岀殑鏈夋晥鏈熷唴锛屽�傛灉涓撳埄鏉冧汉鏀惧純鍏朵笓鍒╂潈锛屽簲褰撳緛寰楄��璁稿彲浜哄悓鎰忥紝鍚﹀垯浼氭崯瀹宠��璁稿彲浜虹殑鍒╃泭銆備笓鍒╀汉濡傛灉鎯宠�佹斁寮冧笓鍒╂潈鐨勮瘽锛屽彧瑕佷笓鍒╄繕鍦ㄦ湡闄愪繚闅滅被鐨勮瘽锛屼笓鍒╂潈浜哄彲浠ラ殢鏃惰繘琛屾斁寮冧笓鍒┿�傛斁寮冧笓鍒╀箣鍚庯紝璇ヤ笓鍒╁彲浠ヤ氦鐢变粬浜猴紝涔熷彲浠ョ敱浠栦汉閲嶆柊瀵硅�ヤ笓鍒╂潈鐨勬墍灞炴潈杩涜�岀敵璇枫�傚�傛灉涓撳埄鏉冨埌鏈熶箣鍚庯紝涓撳埄鏉冩墍灞炰汉娌℃湁鎸夌収瑙勫畾缁�鏈熺殑璇濓紝閭ｄ箞涓撳埄灏嗕細浣滃簾銆�