楂樼┖鍧犵墿鍒版柦宸ュ満鍦板�栫殑娉曞緥渚濇嵁鏄�浠�涔堬紵

    鐢熸椿褰撲腑鏈変簺椋炴潵妯�绁哥‘瀹炶�╂垜浠�閬夸箣涓嶅強锛屽氨姣斿�傝�磋�屼汉涓�鑸�涓嶄細鏃犵紭鏃犳晠鐨勮窇鍒版柦宸ョ幇鍦虹殑锛岀幇鍦ㄧ殑鏂藉伐鐜板満閮藉洿鏈夋爡鏍忥紝涓虹殑灏辨槸闃叉�㈣�屼汉鍦ㄤ笉鐭ユ儏鐨勬儏鍐典笅琚�鏂藉伐鍦扮殑涓�浜涙剰澶栫姸鍐典激瀹崇殑銆備絾鏄�鏂藉伐鍦扮殑鏈変簺楂樼┖鍧犵墿锛屽湪婊氳惤涓嬫潵鐨勮繃绋嬪綋涓�浼氱洿鎺ユ帀鍒板満鍦板�栵紝鎶婂埆浜虹粰鐮稿埌浜嗐�傞偅涔堬紝楂樼┖鍧犵墿鍒版柦宸ュ満鍦板�栫殑娉曞緥渚濇嵁鏄�浠�涔�?
  涓�銆侀珮绌哄潬鐗╁埌鏂藉伐鍦哄湴澶栫殑娉曞緥渚濇嵁鏄�浠�涔�?
  
  楂樼┖鍧犵墿鏉ユ簮鏄庣‘锛�
  
  銆婃皯娉曞吀銆嬬��涓�鍗冧簩鐧句簲鍗佷笁鏉¤�勫畾锛�
  鈥滃缓绛戠墿銆佹瀯绛戠墿鎴栬�呭叾浠栬�炬柦鍙婂叾鎼佺疆鐗┿�佹偓鎸傜墿鍙戠敓鑴辫惤銆佸潬钀介�犳垚浠栦汉鎹熷�筹紝鎵�鏈変汉銆佺�＄悊浜烘垨鑰呬娇鐢ㄤ汉涓嶈兘璇佹槑鑷�宸辨病鏈夎繃閿欑殑锛屽簲褰撴壙鎷呬镜鏉冭矗浠汇�傛墍鏈変汉銆佺�＄悊浜烘垨鑰呬娇鐢ㄤ汉璧斿伩鍚庯紝鏈夊叾浠栬矗浠讳汉鐨勶紝鏈夋潈鍚戝叾浠栬矗浠讳汉杩藉伩銆傗�濆湪楂樼┖鍧犵墿鏉ユ簮鏄庣‘鐨勬儏鍐典笅锛屼镜鏉冭矗浠讳汉韬�浠芥槑纭�锛岃�ュ潬鐗╃殑璐ｄ换浜猴紝鍗斥�滄墍鏈変汉銆佺�＄悊浜烘垨鑰呬娇鐢ㄤ汉鈥濈瓑璐熸湁鐩戠�℃敞鎰忎箟鍔＄殑浜猴紝鎵挎媴瀵圭墿鐨勬浛浠ｈ矗浠汇�傚彟澶栵紝鍦ㄤ富瑙傝繃閿欑殑璁ゅ畾涓婏紝楂樼┖鍧犵墿閲囩敤杩囬敊鎺ㄥ畾鍘熷垯锛屼妇璇佽矗浠诲�掔疆锛岀敱璐ｄ换浜哄氨鍏舵病鏈夎繃閿欒繘琛屼妇璇侊紝澶уぇ鍑忚交浜嗗彈瀹充汉鐨勪妇璇佸帇鍔涳紝鏈夊埄浜庢棤杈滃彈瀹充汉鐨勬潈鍒╀繚鎶わ紝涔熸湁鍒╀簬淇冭繘璐ｄ换浜鸿皑鎱庣洃绠°�佺Н鏋侀槻鑼冨潬钀介�庨櫓銆�
  楂樼┖鍧犵墿鏉ユ簮涓嶆槑锛�
  
  銆婃皯娉曞吀銆嬬��涓�鍗冧簩鐧句簲鍗佸洓鏉¤�勫畾锛�
  鈥滀粠寤虹瓚鐗╀腑鎶涙幏鐗╁搧鎴栬�呬粠寤虹瓚鐗╀笂鍧犺惤鐨勭墿鍝侀�犳垚浠栦汉鎹熷�筹紝闅句互纭�瀹氬叿浣撲镜鏉冧汉鐨勶紝闄よ兘澶熻瘉鏄庤嚜宸变笉鏄�渚垫潈浜虹殑澶栵紝鐢卞彲鑳藉姞瀹崇殑寤虹瓚鐗╀娇鐢ㄤ汉缁欎簣琛ュ伩銆傗�濆湪鐢熸椿瀹炶返涓�锛岄珮绌哄潬鐗╃殑鍙楀�充汉寰�寰�鏇村�氶潰涓寸殑鏄�楂樼┖鍧犵墿鏉ユ簮涓嶆槑鐨勬儏鍐点�傚ぇ澶氭暟鍙楀�充汉甯稿父鍙�鑳界‘瀹氬潬鐗╂槸浠庢煇涓�鏍嬫ゼ鐨勯槼鍙板潬涓嬶紝鍗存棤娉曠‘瀹氬叿浣撴槸鐢卞摢涓�涓�闃冲彴鍧犺惤銆傚湪杩欑�嶆儏鍐典笅锛屽�傛灉閲囩敤浼犵粺鐨勪镜鏉冭矗浠昏�ゅ畾鏂瑰紡锛岄偅涔堢敱浜庝镜鏉冧汉韬�浠戒笉鏄庯紝鏁呭叾鏄�鍚﹀疄鏂戒簡渚垫潈琛屼负浠ュ強鏄�鍚﹀瓨鍦ㄤ富瑙傝繃閿欏潎鏃犳硶璁ゅ畾锛屾瀬鏄撳洜姝よ�ゅ畾渚垫潈璐ｄ换涓嶆垚绔嬩互鑷村彈瀹充汉鏃犳硶琛屼娇姹傚伩鏉冿紝閫犳垚瀹炶川涓婄殑涓嶅叕骞炽�傛�ｆ槸鐢变簬涓婅堪鍘熷洜锛屽嚭浜庡叕骞冲師鍒欑殑鑰冭檻锛岀珛娉曡�勫畾浜嗕竴绉嶇壒娈婄殑琛ュ伩璐ｄ换锛岄�氳繃杩囬敊鎺ㄥ畾鍘熷垯鐨勯噰鐢ㄥ皢涓捐瘉璐ｄ换鍒嗛厤缁欏彲鑳界殑渚垫潈浜轰竴鏂癸紝鍙�鏈夎兘澶熻瘉鏄庤嚜宸辨棤杩囬敊鐨勪綇鎴锋墠鑳藉厤浜庢壙鎷呰禂鍋胯矗浠汇�傝繖绉嶆硶瀹氭帹瀹氾紝涓�鏂归潰鍥虹劧鏄�鍩轰簬鍏�骞冲師鍒欏�规棤杈滃彈瀹充汉鐨勫�炬枩淇濇姢锛屽彟涓�鏂归潰涔熷彲浠ヨ�や负鏄�鐗╃殑鏇夸唬璐ｄ换鐨勪竴绉嶆姌涓�銆傝矗浠讳汉瀵逛簬澶勪簬鍏舵帶鍒朵笅鐨勭墿鍝佽礋鏈夌墿鐨勬浛浠ｈ矗浠伙紝浼犵粺鐨勬浛浠ｈ矗浠诲湪涓绘祦閫氳�翠腑鏄�涓�绉嶆棤杩囬敊璐ｄ换锛屽嵆浣垮凡灏藉埌娉ㄦ剰涔夊姟涔熶笉鑳藉厤璐ｃ�傛樉鐒讹紝杩欑�嶈矗浠诲�逛簬鍙�鏄�鍏锋湁渚垫潈鍙�鑳芥�х殑浣忔埛鏉ヨ�达紝鏈�鍏嶈繃浜庤嫑璐ｃ�傛晠閲囩敤杩囬敊鎺ㄥ畾鍘熷垯锛屾棦鐓ч【鍒颁簡鏃犺緶鍙楀�充汉鐨勬潈鍒╀繚鎶わ紝涔熼伩鍏嶄簡瀵瑰彲鑳戒镜鏉冧汉杩囬噸鐨勮矗浠诲垎閰嶃��
  浜屻�佸缓绛戝伐鍦伴槻楂樼┖鍧犵墿閮芥湁鍝�浜涙帾鏂�?
  1銆佸缓绛戝伐鍦伴珮绌哄潬鐗╀簨鏁呭�氬彂鐢熷湪鍚勭被鐧婚珮浣滀笟銆佽剼鎵嬫灦浣滀笟銆佸�斿悐浣滀笟銆佸�栫敤鐢垫��瀹夎�呬綔涓氬強绌哄彛銆佷复杈逛綔涓氭椂銆傚洜姝ゅ湪鏂藉伐鍓嶆柦宸ュ崟浣嶅簲缂栧埗涓撻」鏂藉伐缁勭粐璁捐�″埗瀹氶�勯槻楂樼┖鍧犺惤銆佺墿浣撴墦鍑讳簨鏁呯殑瀹夊叏鎶�鏈�鎺�鏂斤紝鐜板満搴旇�嗗叿浣撴儏鍐甸厤缃�鎶ゆ爮缃戙�佹爮鏉嗘垨鍏朵粬瀹夊叏璁炬柦锛屽苟鍦ㄦ柦宸ヤ腑涓ユ牸鎸夌収缁勭粐璁捐�″疄鏂姐��2銆侀珮澧┿�佹灦姊佹柦宸ョ瓑楂樼┖浣滀笟椤圭洰鏂藉伐鏃讹紝蹇呴』鏈夊彲闈犵殑瀹夊叏闃叉姢鎺�鏂姐�傞珮绌轰綔涓氬畨鍏ㄨ�炬柦蹇呴』杩涜�屼弗鏍肩殑璁捐�℃��绠楋紝涓ユ牸鎸夎�捐�¤繘琛屽畨瑁咃紝骞剁�﹀悎鏈夊叧瀹夊叏瑙勭▼鐨勮�勫畾銆傞珮绌轰綔涓氳秴杩�3绫充互涓婅�呭繀椤荤郴瀹夊叏甯︼紝蹇呰�佹椂璁剧疆闃叉姢缃戠瓑闃茶惤璁炬柦銆�3銆佷粠浜嬮珮绌轰綔涓氱殑浜哄憳瑕佸畾鏈熻繘琛屼綋妫�锛屽彂鐜版湁涓嶅疁鐧婚珮鐨勭梾鐥囷紝涓嶅緱浠庝簨楂樼┖浣滀笟锛屼弗绂侀珮琛�鍘嬨�佸績鑴戣��绠＄梾浜虹櫥楂樹綔涓氾紝涓ョ�侀厭鍚庣櫥楂樹綔涓氥�傚ぇ妗ュⅸ韬�鏂藉伐妯℃澘銆佽剼鎵嬫灦鍙婃敮鏋跺潎閲囩敤缂嗛�庣怀鍔犲浐;楂樼┖浣滀笟浜哄憳涓嶅緱绌块珮璺熼瀷銆佹嫋闉嬫垨纭�搴曢瀷锛屾墍闇�鐨勬潗鏂欒�佷簨鍏堝噯澶囬綈鍏ㄣ��4銆佹墍鏈夐珮澶勪綔涓氫汉鍛樺繀椤绘帴鍙楅珮澶勪綔涓氬畨鍏ㄧ煡璇嗗拰瀹夊叏棰勯槻鏁欒偛锛岀壒绉嶉珮澶勪綔涓氫汉鍛樺繀椤绘寔璇佷笂宀楋紝涓婂矖鍓嶅繀椤讳緷鎹�鏈夊叧瑙勫畾鑳藉�熻繘琛屼笓闂ㄧ殑瀹夊叏鎶�鏈�浜ゅ簳锛屾帴鍙椾氦搴曚汉蹇呴』灞ヨ�岀�惧瓧鎵嬬画銆傚�归噰鐢ㄦ柊宸ヨ壓銆佹柊鎶�鏈�銆佹柊鏉愭枡鍜屾柊璁惧�囩殑锛屽繀椤绘寜瑙勫畾瀵逛綔涓氫汉鍛樿繘琛岀浉鍏崇殑瀹夊叏鎶�鏈�浜ゅ簳锛屽悓鏃跺彈鏁欒偛浜哄繀椤诲饱琛岀�惧瓧鎵嬬画銆�5銆佹柦宸ョ幇鍦哄繀椤诲湪鐩稿簲閮ㄤ綅銆佹寜绫诲埆锛屾湁閽堝�规�у湴灏嗗悇绫诲畨鍏ㄨ�︾ず鏍囧織寮犳寕锛屽�滈棿璁剧孩鐏�绀鸿�︺�傚叚绾т互涓婂ぇ椋庯紝涓虹‘淇濇柦宸ヤ汉鍛樸�佽�惧�囩殑瀹夊叏锛屽簲鍋滄�㈤珮绌轰綔涓氥��6銆侀珮绌轰綔涓氬繀椤昏�剧疆楂樼┖鍧犵墿棰勯槻鎺�鏂斤紝骞剁�﹀悎JBJ80-91銆婂缓绛戞柦宸ラ珮澶勪綔涓氬畨鍏ㄦ妧鏈�瑙勮寖銆嬭�佹眰锛屾寜鐓�GB3608-83銆婇珮澶勪綔涓氬垎绾ф爣鍑嗐�嬪疄琛屼笁绾х�＄悊銆�7銆佺墿鏂欐彁鍗囨満銆佹柦宸ュ�栫敤鐢垫��銆佸�斿悐鍦ㄥ畨瑁呭墠蹇呴』缂栧埗瀹夈�佹媶鏂藉伐鏂规�堬紝璁惧�囦富绠¤礋璐ｄ汉銆侀」鐩�涓荤�¤礋璐ｄ汉銆佸畨鍏ㄧ�＄悊浜哄憳銆佹妧鏈�浜哄憳瀵规柦宸ユ柟妗堣繘琛屽�￠槄绛惧瓧鍚庯紝涓婃姤鍏�鍙镐富绠￠儴闂ㄦ湁鍏充汉鍛樺�℃牳锛屽啀鎶ュ叕鍙告�诲伐绋嬪笀瀹℃壒绛惧瓧锛屾柟鍙�瀹炴柦銆傜墿鏂欐彁鍗囨満銆佹柦宸ュ�栫敤鐢垫��銆佸�斿悐瀹夎�呭畬姣曞悗锛屽湪浣跨敤鍓嶆柦宸ュ崟浣嶅繀椤昏繘琛岄獙鏀讹紝楠屾敹鍚堟牸绛惧瓧鍚庯紝鏂瑰彲浣滀笟銆�8銆佹柦宸ュ�栫敤鐢垫��鍚勭�嶉檺浣嶅繀椤荤伒鏁忓彲闈狅紝妤煎眰闂ㄥ繀椤昏�鹃槻姝�浜哄憳鍜岀墿鏂欏潬钀介槻鎶ゆ帾鏂斤紝鐢垫��涓婁笅杩愯�岃�岀▼鍐呭繀椤讳繚璇佹棤闅滅�嶇墿銆傜數姊�杞跨�卞唴涔樹汉銆佽浇鐗╂椂锛屼弗绂佽秴杞斤紝杞借嵎搴斿潎鍖�鍒嗗竷锛岄槻姝㈠亸閲嶃�傛柦宸ュ�栫敤鐢垫��搴旀湁瀹屽ソ鐨勫仠灞傝�呯疆锛屽悇妤煎眰瑕佹湁鏄庣‘淇″彿鍜屾ゼ灞傛爣璁般��9銆佸叾浠栭珮绌哄潬鐗╅�勯槻鎺�鏂斤細濡傜數姊�浜曞彛銆佹ゼ姊�鍙ｃ�侀�勭暀娲炲彛銆侀�氶亾鍙ｅ強鍚勭�嶄复杈归槻鎶わ紝蹇呴』鍒跺畾涓撻棬鐨勫畨鍏ㄩ槻鎶ゆ帾鏂姐�傞槻鎶よ�炬柦搴斿舰鎴愬畾鍨嬪寲銆佸伐鍏峰寲锛屽皝闂�蹇呴』涓ュ瘑銆傝�剧疆涓�閬撳畨鍏ㄥ钩缃戯紝瀹夎�呮媶鍗哥數姊�浜曞唴瀹夊叏骞崇綉鏃讹紝浣滀笟浜哄憳蹇呴』鎸夎�勫畾浣╁甫瀹夊叏甯︺�傛湁涓�鐐瑰彲浠ヨ偗瀹氱殑鏄�锛岄珮绌哄潬鐗╁埌鏂藉伐鍦哄湴澶栧�傛灉鐮稿埌浜嗚繃寰�鐨勮�屼汉鐨勮瘽锛岄偅涔堟柦宸ュ崟浣嶅�硅繖绉嶇幇璞＄粷瀵规槸瑕佹壙鎷呮硶寰嬭矗浠荤殑锛屼笉鑳借�撮珮绌哄潬鐗╃牳鍒颁汉鐨勮繖绉嶈�屼负涓嶆槸鍦ㄦ柦宸ョ幇鍦哄唴鐨勶紝鏂藉伐鍗曚綅灏辫兘瀵硅繖绉嶈�屼负瑙嗚嫢鏃犵澒浜嗐�傝偗瀹氬彂鐢熶簡楂樼┖鍧犵墿锛岃繕鏄�浠ｈ〃鐫�鏂藉伐鍗曚綅瀵规柦宸ョ幇鍦虹殑鏌愪簺瀹夊叏绠＄悊鐜�鑺傜洃鐫ｄ笉鍒颁綅鐨勶紝鎵�浠ヨ�屼汉灏辨槸瑕佹敹闆嗗悇绉嶈瘉鎹�璇佹槑璇ュ潬钀戒笅鏉ョ殑鐗╁搧鏄�灞炰簬鏂藉伐鍦哄湴鍐呯殑銆�